DHCP-Servers auf Debian
Zur Navigation springen
Zur Suche springen
Einrichten eines DHCP-Servers auf Debian
Installation
- apt install isc-dhcp-server
Konfiguration der aktiven Netzwerkkarten
- Zusätzlich wird hier die zu benutzende Daemon-Konfiguration angegeben
- vim /etc/default/isc-dhcp-server
DHCPDv4_CONF=/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf INTERFACESv4="interface_1 interface_2"
Konfiguration der zu vergebenden Netzwerkparameter
- vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
option domain-name "lab100.it"; option domain-name-servers 10.0.100.254; default-lease-time 600; max-lease-time 7200; authoritative; # Subnet der ersten angegeben Netzwerkkarte subnet 10.0.100.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { range 10.0.100.50 10.0.100.100; option routers 10.0.100.1; } # Subnet der zweiten angegeben Netzwerkkarte subnet 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { range 192.168.0.50 192.168.0.100; option routers 192.168.0.1; } # Feste IP-Adresse für eine bestimmte MAC-Adresse host controller { hardware ethernet fe:fe:fe:fe:fe:fe; fixed-address 192.168.0.2; option routers 192.168.0.1; }
- Dienst mit der neuen Konfiguration starten und überprüfen
- systemctl restart isc-dhcp-server
- systemctl status isc-dhcp-server
Logs
- tail -f -n 100 /var/log/syslog | grep dhcp
Apr 20 09:20:42 fw dhcpd[3217]: DHCPREQUEST for 10.0.100.51 (10.0.100.1) from be:98:60:d1:af:88 via ens19: wrong network. Apr 20 09:20:42 fw dhcpd[3217]: DHCPNAK on 10.0.100.51 to be:98:60:d1:af:88 via ens19 Apr 20 09:20:43 fw dhcpd[3217]: reuse_lease: lease age 1 (secs) under 25% threshold, reply with unaltered, existing lease for 10.0.10.50 Apr 20 09:20:43 fw dhcpd[3217]: DHCPDISCOVER from be:98:60:d1:af:88 (archiso) via ens19 Apr 20 09:20:43 fw dhcpd[3217]: DHCPOFFER on 10.0.10.50 to be:98:60:d1:af:88 (archiso) via ens19 Apr 20 09:20:43 fw dhcpd[3217]: reuse_lease: lease age 1 (secs) under 25% threshold, reply with unaltered, existing lease for 10.0.10.50 Apr 20 09:20:43 fw dhcpd[3217]: DHCPREQUEST for 10.0.10.50 (10.0.10.1) from be:98:60:d1:af:88 (archiso) via ens19 Apr 20 09:20:43 fw dhcpd[3217]: DHCPACK on 10.0.10.50 to be:98:60:d1:af:88 (archiso) via ens19 Apr 20 09:22:27 fw dhcpd[3217]: DHCPDISCOVER from fe:fe:fe:fe:fe:fe via ens20 Apr 20 09:22:27 fw dhcpd[3217]: DHCPOFFER on 192.168.0.2 to fe:fe:fe:fe:fe:fe via ens20 Apr 20 09:22:27 fw dhcpd[3217]: DHCPREQUEST for 192.168.0.2 (192.168.0.1) from fe:fe:fe:fe:fe:fe via ens20 Apr 20 09:22:27 fw dhcpd[3217]: DHCPACK on 192.168.0.2 to fe:fe:fe:fe:fe:fe via ens20 Apr 20 09:23:41 fw dhcpd[3217]: DHCPDISCOVER from 76:54:06:7a:bd:48 via ens20 Apr 20 09:23:42 fw dhcpd[3217]: DHCPOFFER on 192.168.0.50 to 76:54:06:7a:bd:48 (archiso) via ens20 Apr 20 09:23:42 fw dhcpd[3217]: uid lease 192.168.0.50 for client 76:54:06:7a:bd:48 is duplicate on 192.168.0.0/24 Apr 20 09:23:42 fw dhcpd[3217]: DHCPREQUEST for 192.168.0.53 (192.168.0.1) from 76:54:06:7a:bd:48 via ens20 Apr 20 09:23:42 fw dhcpd[3217]: DHCPACK on 192.168.0.53 to 76:54:06:7a:bd:48 (archiso) via ens20 Apr 20 09:25:07 fw dhcpd[3217]: DHCPRELEASE of 192.168.0.53 from 76:54:06:7a:bd:48 (archiso) via ens20 (found) Apr 20 09:28:03 fw dhcpd[3217]: DHCPREQUEST for 192.168.0.51 from 5e:12:1a:8d:b8:b6 via ens20 Apr 20 09:28:03 fw dhcpd[3217]: DHCPACK on 192.168.0.51 to 5e:12:1a:8d:b8:b6 (debian) via ens20 Apr 20 09:32:14 fw dhcpd[3217]: DHCPREQUEST for 192.168.0.51 from 5e:12:1a:8d:b8:b6 (debian) via ens20 Apr 20 09:32:14 fw dhcpd[3217]: DHCPACK on 192.168.0.51 to 5e:12:1a:8d:b8:b6 (debian) via ens20
DHCP Anfragen über die Kommandozeile
- apt install isc-dhcp-common
- Bei den folgenden Befehlen kann man auch eine spezifische Netzwerkkarte angeben
neue IP-Adresse anfragen
- dhclient
Lease der IP-Adresse verlängern
- dhclient -r